What technical parameters influence insulation performance?

1. Insulation resistance and resistivity

Resistance is the inverse of conductivity, and resistivity is the resistance per unit volume. The less a material conducts electricity, the greater its resistance, which is inversely proportional to each other. For insulating materials, it is always desirable for resistivity to be as high as possible.

2. Relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent

Insulating materials serve two primary functions: providing electrical insulation between components in electronic networks and acting as dielectric media for capacitors (energy storage). The former requires materials with low relative permittivity, while the latter demands high relative permittivity. Both applications require minimal dielectric loss tangent, particularly in high-frequency and high-voltage environments where selecting insulation materials with low dielectric loss characteristics is essential to ensure optimal performance.

3. Breakdown voltage and electrical strength

When insulating materials break down under a strong electric field, losing their insulating properties and becoming conductive, this phenomenon is called breakdown. The voltage at which breakdown occurs is termed the breakdown voltage (dielectric strength). Electrical strength refers to the ratio of the voltage required to cause breakdown under specified conditions to the distance between the two electrodes subjected to an applied voltage, expressed as the breakdown voltage per unit thickness. For insulating materials, higher values of both breakdown voltage and electrical strength are generally preferred.

4. Tensile strength

It is the maximum tensile stress that the specimen can withstand in a tensile test. It is the most widely used and representative test for mechanical properties of insulating materials.

5. Combustion resistance

Combustion resistance refers to the ability of insulating materials to prevent burning when exposed to flames or stop further combustion when removed from flames. With the expanding applications of insulating materials, their fire resistance requirements have become increasingly critical. Researchers have developed various methods to enhance and improve the fire resistance of these materials. The higher the fire resistance, the greater the safety assurance they provide.

6. Arc resistance

Under specified test conditions, this metric evaluates an insulating material's ability to withstand electric arc exposure along its surface. The testing employs alternating high-voltage with low current, utilizing the arc generated between electrodes to form a conductive layer on the material's surface. The duration required for this conduction process determines the material's arc resistance. A longer duration indicates superior arc resistance performance.

7. Sealing

It is better to seal and isolate oil and water.

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